Jeans

Levi Strauss (1829 – 1902) was the man who invented and marketed blue jeans. In 1873, Strauss patented the idea of using copper rivets at the stress points of sturdy work trousers. They were sold initially to the miners of the Californian Gold Rush.


Tea bags

Tea bags were invented by Thomas Sullivan around 1908. The first bags were made from silk. Sullivan was a tea and coffee merchant in New York who began packaging tea samples in tiny silk bags. Many of his customers brewed their tea in the bags rather than in the traditional way of brewing loose tea in a teapot, and the tea bag was born.


Sandwich

The sandwich was invented by John Montagu, the 4th Earl of Sandwich (1718 – 1792). In 1762, the story goes, he was too involved in a card game to have a formal meal, so he instructed his cook to put some meat between two slices of bread to save him time. He named the snack after himself.

 

Telephone

The telephone (meaning "far sound") is the most widely used telecommunications device. It was invented in 1876 by Alexander Graham Bell. His device transmitted speech sounds over electric wires.



E-mail

Internet based email was invented in late 1971 by Ray Tomlinson. Ray Tomlinson worked as a computer engineer for Bolt, Beranek and Newman (BBN), the company hired by the United States Defense Department to build the first Internet in 1968.

 

 

Ray Tomlinson was experimenting with a popular program he wrote called SNDMSG that the ARPANET researchers were using on the network computers to leave messages for each other. You could only leave messages on the computer that you were using for other persons using that computer to read. Tomlinson used a file transfer protocol that he was working on called CYPNET to adapt the SNDMSG program so it could send electronic messages to any computer on the ARPANET network.

The first email was sent between two computers placed next to each other. The ARPANET network was used as the connection between the two.


Zip

The zip was developed in 1913 by the Swedish – American engineer, Gideon Sundbach. He was successful in selling his invention, which he called the Hookless 2. He sold these fasteners to the US Army, who put zip on soldiers' clothing and equipment during World War I.


Dynamite

Dynamite was invented by Alfred Nobel, a Swedish industrialist, engineer, and inventor. His construction work inspired Nobel to research new methods of blasting rock. He started experimenting with nitroglycerine and invented the Nobel patent detonator for nitroglycerin in 1863. The Nobel Company built the first factory to manufacture nitroglycerin and dynamite.


Crossword puzzle

A crossword puzzle is a game of words where the player is given a hint and the number of letters. The player then fills in letter boxes with the right words. The first crossword puzzle was invented by Arthur Wynne, a Liverpool journalist. He immigrated to the United States and wrote the first crossword puzzle for an American newspaper called the New York World. It was published on Sunday, December 21, 1913.

 

Vocabulary

 

Nouns (imenice):Verbs (glagoli):
rivet – nitna
miner – rudar
tea bags – kesica za čaj
silk – svila
merchant – trgovac
sample – uzorak
teapot – čajnik
earl – grof
slice – kriška
snack – užina
device – uređaj
wire – žica
zip – rajsfešlus
fastener – kopča
equipment - oprema
nitroglycerine - nitroglicerin
crossword puzzle - ukrštenica
hint - nagoveštaj, znak
researcher - istraživač
network computer - mrežni kompjuter
network - mreža
connection - veza, konekcija
market – pustiti u prodaju
patent – patentirati
package – pakovati
brew – zakuvati, promešati, pripremiti (napitak)
be involved – biti uključen u, biti zauzet
instruct – dati uputstva
blast - razoriti
manufacture - proizvoditi
immigrate - doseliti se
publish - izdati
hire - zaposliti, unajmiti
adapt - prilagoditi
Adjectives and adverbs
(pridevi i prilozi):
Prepositions and conjunctions
(predlozi i veznici):
copper – bakarni
sturdy – snažan, čvrst
initially – prvobitno
loose – slobodan, pušten
tiny – malecki, sićušan
successful at – uspešan u
-

 

Synonyms

 

Nouns (imenice):Verbs (glagoli):

rivet – stud
miner – mineworker
merchant – tradesman, vendor
sample – example, trial, model, pattern
teapot – pot
slice – piece
snack – light meal, titbit
device – appliance
wire – cable
zip – zipper
equipment – tools, kit
hint – clue, tips
researcher – investigator
connection – link

 

market – commerce, trade
package – pack
brew – boil
be involved – implicated
instruct –teach
blast – smash
manufacture – make, build, produce
publish – print
hire – employ, engage
adapt – adjust, modify
Adjectives and adverbs
(pridevi i prilozi):
Prepositions and conjunctions
(predlozi i veznici):

sturdy – tough
initially – primarily, firstly
tiny – small, little
successful at – profitable, productive

 

-

 

 

Antonyms

Nouns (imenice):Verbs (glagoli):

merchant – customer, buyer

sample – whole

earl – commoner

slice – whole

snack – meal

hint - information

connection - disconnection

market –buy

brew – dry

be involved – disinterested, indifferent

instruct – ask, learn

blast - create, build, repair

manufacture - break, demolish

immigrate - emigrate, stay

hire - dismiss, fire, let go

adapt - disarrange, disorder

Adjectives and adverbs
(pridevi i prilozi):
Prepositions and conjunctions
(predlozi i veznici):

sturdy – soft

loose –tight

tiny – big, huge, important

successful at – bad, unsuccessful

 

 

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